How do I convert a UTF-16 surrogate pair such as to UTF-32? As one or as twoĔ-byte sequences?.Are there exceptions to the rule of exclusively using string parameters in APIs?.Doesn’t it cause a problem to have UTF-16 string APIs, instead of UTF-32 char APIs?.How about using UTF-32 interfaces in my APIs?.Should I use UTF-32 (or UCS-4) for storing Unicode strings in memory?.What is the difference between UCS-2 and UTF-16?.How should I handle supplementary characters in my code?. Because most supplementary characters are uncommon, does that mean I can ignore them?.What about noncharacters? Are they invalid?.Are there any 16-bit values that are invalid?.Will UTF-16 ever be extended to more than a million characters?.What is the algorithm to convert from UTF-16 to character codes?.How do I convert an unpaired UTF-16 surrogate to UTF-8?.How do I convert a UTF-16 surrogate pair such as to UTF-8? As one 4-byte sequence or as two separate 3-byte sequences?.Is the UTF-8 encoding scheme the same irrespective of whether the underlying system uses ASCII or EBCDIC encoding?.Is the UTF-8 encoding scheme the same irrespective of whether the underlying processor is little endian or big endian?.Which of these formats is the most standard?.Is there a standard method to package a Unicode character so it fits an 8-Bit ASCII stream?.Are there any byte sequences that are not generated by a UTF? How should I interpret them?.Why do some UTFs have a BE or LE in their label, as in UTF-16LE?.What are some of the differences between the UTFs?.Which of the UTFs do I need to support?.Where can I get more information on encoding forms?.Can Unicode text be represented in more than one way?.Or die "Cannot use CSV: ".General questions, relating to UTF or Encoding Forms I thought about identifying encoding on file level and converting the files prior to importing them, but the files are not mine, I still receive the new data and I am not sure if it's guaranteed that the future files are all utf encoded.Ī general algorithm of my program is as follows: use utf8 The issue is, some files are encoded in 8859-2 8-bit encoding, and if I try to blindly replace the characters with their utf representation, I may spoil the utf encoding, if the line was already encoded in utf. If they all were utf files, it would be straightforward: I've already found Text::CSV and Text::CSV::Encoded modules, and for utf files it all worked like a snap. Now I am importing them to the database, and of course I would like to make, say "krzesło" recognised as such regardless of the original encoding. I have an old set of CSV files which were created using incompatible encodings, including utf-8 and iso 8859-2.
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